Hoʻohana nā pahu pahu palahalaha maʻamau no nā BEV a me nā FCEV i ka thermoplastic a me ka thermoset composites me kahi hana iwi e hāʻawi ana i 25% o ka mālama H2 hou aku. #hydrogen #ʻano
Ma hope o ka hui pū ʻana me BMW i hōʻike ʻia e hiki i kahi pahu cubic ke hāʻawi i ka pono volumetric kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā pahu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻomaka ke Kulanui ʻenehana o Munich i kahi papahana e hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano hui a me kahi kaʻina hana scalable no ka hana serial. Hōʻaiʻē kiʻi: TU Dresden (luna) hema), Ke Kulanui ʻenehana o Munich, Keʻena ʻOihana Hui Pū ʻIa (LCC)
Hāʻawi nā kaʻa uila uila (FCEV) i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen zero-emission (H2) i nā ala hou e hoʻokō ai i nā pahuhopu kaiapuni ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa wahie me ka mīkini H2 i 5-7 mau minuke a he 500 km ka lōʻihi, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia manawa ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana. ʻO kahi ala e hōʻemi ai i nā kumukūʻai ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi paepae maʻamau no nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me FCEV. ʻAʻole hiki kēia i kēia manawa no ka mea ʻaʻole kūpono nā pahu pahu cylindrical Type 4 i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ke kinoea H2 compressed (CGH2) ma 700 bar ma FCEVs i kūpono ʻole no nā keʻena pākaukau ma lalo o ke kino i hoʻolālā pono ʻia no nā kaʻa uila. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā ipu kaomi i ke ʻano o nā uluna a me nā cubes ke komo i loko o kēia wahi paʻa paʻa.
Patent US5577630A no ka "Composite Conformal Pressure Vessel", palapala noi i waiho ʻia e Thiokol Corp. i ka makahiki 1995 (hema) a me ka pahu kaomi rectangular i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e BMW ma 2009 (akau).
ʻO ke Keʻena o Carbon Composites (LCC) o ke Kulanui ʻenehana o Munich (TUM, Munich, Kelemānia) i komo i nā papahana ʻelua e hoʻomohala i kēia manaʻo. ʻO ka mea mua ʻo Polymers4Hydrogen (P4H), alakaʻi ʻia e ka Leoben Polymer Competence Center (PCCL, Leoben, Austria). Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei ka pūʻolo hana LCC e Fellow Elizabeth Glace.
ʻO ka lua o ka papahana ka Hydrogen Demonstration and Development Environment (HyDDen), kahi i alakaʻi ʻia ai ʻo LCC e ka mea noiʻi ʻo Christian Jaeger. Manaʻo nā mea ʻelua e hana i kahi hōʻike nui o ke kaʻina hana no ka hana ʻana i kahi pahu CGH2 kūpono me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā composites carbon fiber.
He palena ʻole ka hana volumetric ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā puʻupuʻu anawaena liʻiliʻi i loko o nā keena pākaukau paʻa (hema) a me nā kīʻaha cubic type 2 i hana ʻia me nā laina kila a me kahi pūpū kalapona/epoxy composite waho (akau). Puna Kiʻi: Nā Kiʻi 3 a me 6 mai ka "Numerical Design Approach for Type II Pressure Box Vessel with Internal Tension Legs" na Ruf lāua ʻo Zaremba et al.
Ua hana ʻo P4H i kahi pahu pahu pahu hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ana i kahi kiʻi thermoplastic me nā kaula hoʻopaʻapaʻa hui pū ʻia me ka epoxy i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber carbon. E hoʻohana ʻo HyDDen i kahi hoʻolālā like, akā e hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka fiber layup (AFP) no ka hana ʻana i nā pahu pahu thermoplastic composite.
Mai kahi palapala patent a Thiokol Corp. i ka "Composite Conformal Pressure Vessel" i ka makahiki 1995 a i ka German Patent DE19749950C2 i ka makahiki 1997, hiki i nā moku kinoea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia "hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hoʻonohonoho geometric", akā ʻoi aku ka palahalaha a me nā ʻano like ʻole, i loko o kahi lua i pili i ke kākoʻo o ka pūpū. . hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hiki iā lākou ke kū i ka ikaika o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kinoea.
ʻO ka pepa Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) 2006 e wehewehe ana i ʻekolu ala: kahi ipu kaomi conformal ʻeha filament, kahi ipu kaomi microlattice i loaʻa kahi ʻano lattice orthorhombic kūloko (nā pūnaewele liʻiliʻi o 2 cm a i ʻole), hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi pahu H2 pā lahilahi, a me kahi pahu hoʻopiʻi, i loko o ka hale i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia (e laʻa, nā apo plastik hexagonal) a me kahi ʻili ʻili ʻili waho. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pahu pālua no nā ipu nui a paʻakikī paha ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kuʻuna.
ʻO ka patent DE102009057170A i waiho ʻia e Volkswagen i ka makahiki 2009 e wehewehe ana i kahi moku kaomi i kau ʻia i ke kaʻa e hāʻawi i ka pono kaumaha kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lewa. Hoʻohana nā pahu pahu ʻaʻa i nā mea hoʻohui hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, a ua pōʻai nā kihi.
ʻO nā mea i luna a me nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe i haʻi ʻia e Gleiss ma ka pepa "Process Development for Cubic Pressure Vessels with Stretch Bars" na Gleiss et al. ma ECCM20 (Iune 26-30, 2022, Lausanne, Kuikilana). Ma kēia ʻatikala, haʻi ʻo ia i kahi noiʻi TUM i paʻi ʻia e Michael Roof lāua ʻo Sven Zaremba, ka mea i ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi ipu kaomi cubic me nā struts tension e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻaoʻao rectangular ma mua o kekahi mau cylinders liʻiliʻi i kūpono i loko o ka lumi o kahi pā palahalaha, e hāʻawi ana ma kahi o 25 % hou aku. wahi waihona.
Wahi a Gleiss, ʻo ka pilikia me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi helu nui o nā ʻano 4 cylinders liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi pahu paʻa, ʻo ia ka mea "ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka leo ma waena o nā cylinders a ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hoʻi he nui loa ka H2 gas permeation surface. ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, hāʻawi ka ʻōnaehana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka mālama ʻana ma mua o nā pahu cubic.
Eia nō naʻe, aia nā pilikia ʻē aʻe me ka hoʻolālā cubic o ka pahu. "ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma muli o ke kinoea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, pono ʻoe e pale aku i nā ikaika kulou ma nā paia palahalaha," wahi a Gleiss. "No kēia, pono ʻoe i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻoikaika ʻia e pili ana i loko o nā paia o ka pahu. Akā paʻakikī ke hana me nā composites.
Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Glace a me kāna hui e hoʻohui i nā kaola hoʻopaʻapaʻa i loko o ka ipu kaomi ma ke ʻano kūpono no ke kaʻina wili filament. "He mea nui kēia no ka hana kiʻekiʻe," wehewehe ʻo ia, "a hiki iā mākou ke hoʻolālā i ke ʻano wili o nā paia pahu e hoʻopaʻa pono i ka orientation fiber no kēlā me kēia ukana ma ka ʻāpana."
ʻEhā mau ʻanuʻu no ka hana ʻana i ka pahu hoʻoheheʻe cubic hoʻāʻo no ka papahana P4H. Hōʻaiʻē kiʻi: "Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana no nā moku kaomi cubic me ka brace", Technical University of Munich, Polymers4Hydrogen project, ECCM20, Iune 2022.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaulahao, ua hoʻomohala ka hui i kahi manaʻo hou e pili ana i ʻehā mau ʻanuʻu nui, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna. ʻO nā struts hoʻopaʻapaʻa, i hōʻike ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻanuʻu, he ʻano hana i hana ʻia i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano i lawe ʻia mai ka papahana MAI Skelett. No kēia papahana, ua hoʻomohala ʻo BMW i kahi "framework" pale makani me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻehā mau lāʻau pultrusion i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber, a laila i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi kiʻi plastik.
ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi pahu pahu hoʻokolohua. Hexagonal skeletal section 3D i paʻi ʻia e TUM me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka filament PLA unreinforced (luna), e hoʻokomo ana i nā koʻokoʻo pultrusion CF/PA6 ma ke ʻano he mau pale hoʻopaʻapaʻa (waena) a laila hoʻopili i ke filament a puni nā pale (lalo). Kiʻi kiʻi: Technical University of Munich LCC.
"ʻO ka manaʻo hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i ke kiʻi o kahi pahu cubic ma ke ʻano he ʻano modular," wahi a Glace. "Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau modula i loko o kahi mea hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hoʻokomo ʻia nā struts tension i loko o nā modules frame, a laila hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o MAI Skelett a puni nā struts e hoʻohui iā lākou me nā ʻāpana kiʻi." ke ʻano hana nui, ka hopena i kahi hale i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mandrel a i ʻole ke kumu e kāʻei ai i ka pūpū waihona pahu waihona.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻo TUM i ka pahu pahu ma ke ʻano he "cushion" cubic me nā ʻaoʻao paʻa, nā kihi poʻe a me ke ʻano hexagonal ma luna a ma lalo e hiki ai ke hoʻokomo a hoʻopili ʻia nā kaula. Ua paʻi ʻia hoʻi nā puka no kēia mau pā. "No kā mākou pahu hoʻokolohua mua, paʻi mākou i nā ʻāpana hexagonal frame me ka polylactic acid [PLA, kahi thermoplastic bio-based] no ka mea maʻalahi a maʻalahi," wahi a Glace.
Ua kūʻai aku ka hui i 68 pultruded carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) lāʻau mai SGL Carbon (Meitingen, Kelemānia) no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he pili. "No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka manaʻo, ʻaʻole mākou i hana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana," wahi a Gleiss, "akā ua hoʻokomo wale i nā spacers i loko o kahi kiʻi kumu honeycomb paʻi 3D i paʻi ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kāpili epoxy. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi mandrel no ka wili ʻana i ka pahu. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia ʻoiai he maʻalahi kēia mau koʻokoʻo i ka makani, aia kekahi mau pilikia koʻikoʻi e wehewehe ʻia ma hope.
"I ka pae mua, ʻo kā mākou pahuhopu e hōʻike i ka hana ʻana o ka hoʻolālā a ʻike i nā pilikia i ka manaʻo hana," wehewehe ʻo Gleiss. “No laila, e puka mai ana ke kuʻekuʻe ʻana mai ka ʻili o waho o ka hale iwi, a hoʻopili mākou i nā fiber carbon i kēia kumu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wili filament pulu. Ma hope o kēlā, i ke kolu o ka ʻanuʻu, e kulou mākou i ke poʻo o kēlā me kēia kaula kaula. thermoplastic, no laila, hoʻohana wale mākou i ka wela e hoʻololi hou i ke poʻo i palahalaha a paʻa i ka papa mua o ka ʻōwili. A laila, hoʻomaka mākou e wahī hou i ke ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke poʻo palahalaha i loko o ka pahu. laminate ma nā paia.
Poʻo Spacer no ka wili. Hoʻohana ʻo TUM i nā pāpale palaka ma nā wēlau o nā lāʻau hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pale ai i ka wili ʻana o nā filament i ka wā wili. Kiʻi kiʻi: Technical University of Munich LCC.
Ua ʻōlelo hou ʻo Glace he hōʻoia kēia tank mua i ka manaʻo. "ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻi 3D a me ka glue no ka hoʻāʻo mua ʻana a hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi manaʻo o kekahi o nā pilikia a mākou i hālāwai ai. No ka laʻana, i ka wā wili, hopu ʻia nā filament e nā wēlau o nā lāʻau hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ka mea e haki ai ka fiber, pōʻino i ka fiber, a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka fiber e kūʻē i kēia. Ua hoʻohana mākou i kekahi mau pāpale plastik e like me nā mea hana hana i kau ʻia ma luna o nā pou ma mua o ka ʻanuʻu wili mua.
Ua hoʻāʻo ka hui me nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona hana hou. "ʻO ka poʻe e nānā a puni ka hana maikaʻi loa," wahi a Grace. "Pēia hoʻi, i ka wā prototyping, ua hoʻohana mākou i kahi mea hana wili i hoʻololi ʻia e hoʻopili i ka wela a hoʻololi hou i nā hope o ke koʻokoʻo. I loko o kahi manaʻo hana nui, loaʻa iā ʻoe hoʻokahi mea hana nui e hiki ke hana a hana i nā wēlau āpau o nā struts i loko o kahi laminate hoʻopau i ka manawa like. . ”
Hoʻololi hou ʻia nā poʻo drawbar. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo TUM i nā manaʻo like ʻole a hoʻololi i nā welds e hoʻolike i nā wēlau o nā kaula hoʻohui no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka laminate wall tank. Hōʻaiʻē kiʻi: "Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana no nā moku kaomi cubic me ka brace", Technical University of Munich, Polymers4Hydrogen project, ECCM20, Iune 2022.
No laila, ua ho'ōla 'ia ka laminate ma hope o ka wili mua 'ana, ua ho'ololi hou 'ia nā pou, ho'opau ka TUM i ka wili lua o nā filaments, a laila ho'ōla 'ia ka laminate o waho o ka pahu pahu i ka lua o ka manawa. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo he ʻano hoʻolālā tank type 5 kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe ona liner plastic ma ke ʻano he pale kinoea. E ʻike i ke kūkākūkā ma ka ʻaoʻao Next Steps ma lalo nei.
"Ua ʻoki mākou i ka demo mua i nā ʻāpana keʻa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wahi pili," wahi a Glace. "Hōʻike kahi kokoke i loaʻa iā mākou kekahi mau pilikia maikaʻi me ka laminate, me nā poʻo strut ʻaʻole e waiho palahalaha ma ka laminate kūloko."
Hoʻoholo i nā pilikia me nā āpau ma waena o ka laminate o nā paia o loko a me waho o ka pahu. ʻO ke poʻo o ke koʻokoʻo i hoʻololi ʻia e hana i kahi āpau ma waena o ka huli mua a me ka lua o ka pahu hoʻokolohua. Kiʻi kiʻi: Technical University of Munich LCC.
Ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia pahu pahu 450 x 290 x 80mm mua i ke kauwela i hala. "Ua holomua nui mākou mai ia manawa mai, akā naʻe, loaʻa iā mākou kahi āpau ma waena o ka laminate o loko a me waho," wahi a Glace. "No laila ua hoʻāʻo mākou e hoʻopiha i kēlā mau āpau me kahi resin viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomaikaʻi maoli kēia i ka pilina ma waena o nā studs a me ka laminate, kahi e hoʻonui nui ai i ke koʻikoʻi mechanical.
Ua hoʻomau ka hui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻolālā tank a me ke kaʻina hana, me nā hoʻonā no ke ʻano wili i makemake ʻia. "ʻAʻole i ʻōwili piha ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka pahu hoʻāʻo no ka mea paʻakikī i kēia geometry ke hana i kahi ala wili," wehewehe ʻo Glace. "ʻO kā mākou kihi wili mua he 75 °, akā ua ʻike mākou he nui nā kaapuni e pono ai e hoʻokō i ka ukana i loko o kēia moku kaomi. Ke ʻimi nei mākou i kahi hopena i kēia pilikia, akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi me ka polokalamu i kēia manawa ma ka mākeke. Hiki paha ke lilo i papahana hahai.
"Ua hōʻike mākou i ka hiki o kēia manaʻo hana," wahi a Gleiss, "akā pono mākou e hana hou aku e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pilina ma waena o ka laminate a hoʻololi hou i nā koʻokoʻo pili. “Ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o waho ma kahi mīkini hoʻāʻo. Huki ʻoe i nā spacers mai ka laminate a hoʻāʻo i nā ukana mechanical e hiki ai i kēlā mau hui ke kū.
E hoʻopau ʻia kēia ʻāpana o ka papahana Polymers4Hydrogen i ka hopena o 2023, ma ia manawa ke manaʻo nei ʻo Gleis e hoʻopau i ka pahu hōʻike lua. ʻO ka mea mahalo, hoʻohana nā mea hoʻolālā i kēia lā i nā thermoplastics i hoʻoikaika ʻia i loko o ke kiʻi a me nā composites thermoset i loko o nā paia pahu. E hoʻohana ʻia kēia ala hybrid i ka pahu hōʻike hope? "ʻAe," wahi a Grace. "Ke hoʻomohala nei kā mākou mau hoa i ka papahana Polymers4Hydrogen i nā resins epoxy a me nā mea matrix composite me nā waiwai pale hydrogen maikaʻi." Hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo ia i ʻelua mau hoa hana ma kēia hana, ʻo PCCL a me ke Kulanui o Tampere (Tampere, Finland).
Ua hoʻololi pū ʻo Gleiss a me kāna hui i ka ʻike a kūkākūkā i nā manaʻo me Jaeger ma ka lua o ka papahana HyDDen mai ka LCC conformal composite tank.
"E hana ana mākou i kahi ipu kaomi conformal composite no nā drones noiʻi," wahi a Jaeger. "He hui pū kēia ma waena o nā keʻena ʻelua o ka Aerospace a me Geodetic Department o TUM - LCC a me ka Department of Helicopter Technology (HT). E hoʻopau ʻia ka papahana ma ka hopena o 2024 a ke hoʻopau nei mākou i ka moku kaomi. he hoʻolālā i ʻoi aku ke ʻano o ka aerospace a me ke ala kaʻa. Ma hope o kēia kaʻina manaʻo mua, ʻo ka hana aʻe ka hana ʻana i ka hoʻohālike kikoʻī kikoʻī a wānana i ka hana pale o ka pā hale.
"ʻO ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi drone exploratory me kahi pūnaehi wahie hybrid a me ka ʻōnaehana propulsion pākaukau," hoʻomau ʻo ia. E hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka pākaukau i ka wā o nā ukana mana kiʻekiʻe (ʻo ia hoʻi ka lawe ʻana a me ka pae ʻana) a laila e hoʻololi i ka pahu wahie i ka wā e holo māmā ana. "Ua loaʻa i ka hui HT kahi drone noiʻi a ua hoʻolālā hou i ka powertrain e hoʻohana i nā pā a me nā wahie," wahi a Yeager. "Ua kūʻai aku lākou i kahi pahu CGH2 e hoʻāʻo i kēia hoʻouna."
"Ua hoʻokau ʻia kaʻu hui i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi prototype pahu pahu kaomi e kūpono, akā ʻaʻole ma muli o nā pilikia paʻi e hana ai kahi pahu cylindrical," wehewehe ʻo ia. “ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka pahu paʻa i ka nui o ka pale makani. No laila e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maikaʻi o ka lele lele. Ka nui o ka pahu ma kahi o. 830 x 350 x 173 mm.
ʻO ka pahu hopu kūpaʻa AFP thermoplastic piha. No ka papahana HyDDen, ua ʻimi mua ka hui LCC ma TUM i kahi ala like me ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e Glace (ma luna), akā ua neʻe i kahi ala me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hui pū ʻana o nā modules structural, a laila hoʻohana nui ʻia me ka AFP (lalo). Kiʻi kiʻi: Technical University of Munich LCC.
"Hoʻokahi manaʻo like me Elisabeth [Gleiss] hoʻokokoke," wahi a Yager, "e hoʻopili i nā pale hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka paia o ka moku no ka uku ʻana i nā ikaika piʻi kiʻekiʻe. Eia naʻe, ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana wili e hana i ka pahu, hoʻohana mākou i ka AFP. No laila, ua noʻonoʻo mākou e hana i kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka moku kaomi, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai nā racks. Ua ʻae kēia ala iaʻu e hoʻohui i kekahi o kēia mau modules i hoʻohui ʻia a laila e hoʻopili i kahi pāpale e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea āpau ma mua o ka wili hope ʻana o AFP.
"Ke ho'āʻo nei mākou e hoʻopau i kēlā manaʻo," i hoʻomau ai ʻo ia, "a hoʻomaka hoʻi e hoʻāʻo i ke koho ʻana o nā mea waiwai, he mea nui loa ia e hōʻoia i ke kūʻē pono ʻana i ke komo ʻana o ke kinoea H2. No kēia, hoʻohana nui mākou i nā mea thermoplastic a ke hana nei mākou i nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ai ka mea i kēia ʻano permeation a me ka hana ʻana i ka mīkini AFP. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo inā loaʻa ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a inā makemake ʻia kekahi hana ma hope. Makemake mākou e ʻike inā e hoʻopili nā ʻāpana like ʻole i ka hydrogen permeation ma o ka moku kaomi.
Hana ʻia ka pahu i ka thermoplastic a hoʻolako ʻia nā ʻāpana e Teijin Carbon Europe GmbH (Wuppertal, Kelemānia). "E hoʻohana ana mākou i kā lākou mau mea PPS [polyphenylene sulfide], PEEK [polyether ketone] a me LM PAEK [haʻahaʻa melting polyaryl ketone]," wahi a Yager. "A laila hana ʻia nā hoʻohālikelike e ʻike i ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka pale ʻana i ke komo ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana me ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi." Manaʻolana ʻo ia e hoʻopau i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke kaʻina hana a me nā hōʻike mua i loko o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Ua hana ʻia ka hana noiʻi i loko o ka module COMET "Polymers4Hydrogen" (ID 21647053) i loko o ka papahana COMET o ka Federal Ministry for Climate Change, the Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology a me ka Federal Ministry for Digital Technology and Economics. . Mahalo nā mea kākau i nā hoa komo Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH (PCCL, Austria), Montanuniversitaet Leoben (Faculty of Polymer Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Polymer Testing), University of Tampere (Faculty of Engineering. Mea lako). ) ʻEpekema), Peak Technology a me Faurecia i kōkua i kēia hana noiʻi. Kākoʻo ʻia ʻo COMET-Modul e ke aupuni o Austria a me ke aupuni o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Styria.
ʻO nā lau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua no nā hale e halihali ana i ka ukana i loaʻa i nā fiber mau - ʻaʻole wale mai ke aniani, akā mai ke kalapona a me ka aramid.
Nui nā ala e hana ai i nā ʻāpana hui. No laila, ʻo ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano no kahi ʻāpana e pili ana i ka mea, ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka ʻāpana, a me ka hoʻohana hope a i ʻole ka noi. Eia kahi alakaʻi koho.
Ke hoʻomohala nei ʻo Shocker Composites a me R&M International i kahi kaulahao hāʻawi kalapona i hana hou ʻia e hāʻawi ana i ka luku ʻole, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka fiber puʻupaʻa a e hāʻawi hope i nā lōʻihi e pili ana i ka fiber mau i nā waiwai kūkulu.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-15-2023